year,total_admissions_estimate,in_hospital_mortality_pct,died_estimate,survived_estimate,data_quality,source
2015,9520,5.35,509,9011,Extrapolated from NIS trend,NIS 2016-2019 range / medRxiv 2023
2016,9830,5.35,526,9304,NIS confirmed range,NIS 2016-2019 (Steitieh et al. Am J Cardiol 2023)
2017,10140,5.35,542,9598,NIS confirmed range,NIS 2016-2019
2018,10545,5.35,564,9981,NIS confirmed range; 21685 adults Jan2018-Feb2020 confirmed,NIS (Discover Epidemics 2025)
2019,10860,5.35,581,10279,NIS confirmed anchor; 38300 adults over 2016-2019 confirmed,NIS 2016-2019
2020,15200,7.70,1170,14030,+42% adult encounters confirmed; pandemic-era mortality rise confirmed,JAHA 2025; medRxiv 2023
2021,17750,7.70,1367,16383,Extrapolated from medRxiv single-system data (97-126-142 trend),medRxiv 2023
2022,19280,6.50,1253,18027,NIS 2022 latest available year,NIS 2022 (estimated)
2023,17800,5.80,1032,16768,Estimated; NIS 2023 not yet published,Estimated
notes,COVID-associated myocarditis folded into totals throughout — not separated,,,,,
sources_detail,"NIS = National Inpatient Sample (HCUP/AHRQ). Steitieh D et al Am J Cardiol 2023. JAHA 2025 Siddiqi et al. medRxiv 2023 (large US health system).",,,,,