figure,death_year,earliest_source,source_year,years_gap,independent_streams,tier,notes
James son of Zebedee,44,Acts 12,85,41,1,1,NT + later tradition
James (Josephus Ant. 20.9.1),62,Josephus Antiquities 20.9.1,93,31,3,1,Hostile source + NT + Hegesippus
Peter,65,1 Clement 5,96,31,5,1,1 Clement Ignatius Dionysius of Corinth Tertullian Origen Eusebius
Paul,65,1 Clement 5,96,31,5,1,Same multi-source attestation as Peter
Stephen,35,Acts 7,85,50,1,2,Internal NT only
Ignatius of Antioch,107,His own letters en route,107,0,2,2,Self-attested plus martyrology
Polycarp,155,Martyrdom of Polycarp,160,5,1,2,Eyewitness account
Thomas,72,Acts of Thomas,220,148,1,3,Apocryphal
Andrew,60,Acts of Andrew,180,120,1,3,Apocryphal
Philip,80,Later tradition,280,200,1,3,Late tradition
Bartholomew,71,Eusebius,320,249,1,3,Late